• Alternatives to Linux
• "Linux is only free if your time is worthless."  Author unknown
• See also: Distros

• ---

• Why Linux?
• Why NO to Linux?
  • Learning curve
  • Linux requires more CPU power than WIndows
  • MS-Office / MSO / Microsoft 365 - (Libre and OpenOffice are not yet sufficient to replace MSO)
    • Outlook (Exchange) - Possible alternative is ExQuilla addon for Thunderbird
    • VBA & Excel
  • Dopus = Directory Opus
  • Quicken - Possible alternatives are KMyMoney or HomeBank. These programs can import and export QIF file format.
  • ...

• ---

• FOSS = free and open source
• See also: Freeware ...
• Linux | How-To Geek - HowToGeek
  • How-To Geek - HowToGeek
  • See also: Distros
  • Terminal - Linux
  • How to Exit the Vi or Vim Editor - Esc > Esc > Esc > :q! or :wq (to save changes) - HowToGeek
• Pronunciation
  • You're probably pronouncing Ubuntu wrong - and these 7 other Linux terms
    • Note that the word "new" is mispronounced as "noo"="nu" in American English. The correct pronunciation is "nee-oo"="nyu".
  • Linux is pronounced Linnucks (NOT Lie-nux) and was created by Linus (pronounced Lee-nus) Torvalds.
  • GNU = guh-noo
  • GNOME = guh-nome
  • MATE = mah-tay
  • SUSE = soo-suh
  • Qt = kewt = cute
  • sudo = soo-doo
  • Ubuntu = oo-boon-too
  • Xfce = Ex-eff-see-ee = X.F.C.E. = each letter in the name spelled out
  • GIF = controversial = See also: Graphics ...
  • SLQ = controversial = sequel = ess que Ell
• Installation
  • See also: Distros
  • See also:  Hardware (Chromebook) ...
  • How to Install Linux on Your Chromebook | PCMag
  • How to Install Linux on a Chromebook | MakeUseOf
  • How to manually partition Linux and when you should
• Switching from another OS (Windows, Chromebook, etc.)
  • See also:  Hardware (Chromebook) ...
  • See also: ChromeOS
  • Switching to Linux From Windows: 5 Pros and 5 Cons You Need to Consider - HowToGeek
  • How to Make the Switch From Windows to Linux | PCMag
• Apps = Packages
  • See also: AskWoody
  • See also: Distros
  • How to Install and Remove Software in Linux Using the Terminal - HowToGeek
  • This search tool will make Windows folks feel at home on Linux - HowToGeek
  • WPS Office-Free Office Download for PC & Mobile, AI-Powered Office Suite
    • How to Use Office 365 on Linux (Step-by-Step) | WPS Office Blog
  • The Complete Guide to Running Microsoft Office on Linux – TheLinuxCode
  • These 7 Apps Helped Me Use Linux After Ditching Windows - HowToGeek
    • Steam (digital game storefront), Discord (communication among gamers), VSCodium (Visual Studio Code), Spotify (music), VLC (media player), ONLYOFFICE (replace MS Office), BitWarden (password manager)
  • This Is My Favorite Email Client on Linux (And It’s Not Thunderbird) - HowToGeek
  • Switching to Linux: How to Replace Everyday Apps With Open-Source Alternatives - HowToGeek
    • LibreOffice (Replaces Microsoft Office)
    • GIMP (Replaces Adobe Photoshop)
    • Inkscape (Replaces Adobe Illustrator)
    • Krita (Replaces Corel Painter / Photoshop for Digital Art)
    • Thunderbird (Replaces Microsoft Outlook)
    • VLC Media Player (Replaces Windows Media Player / QuickTime)
    • Audacity (Replaces Audition / GarageBand for Basic Audio Work)
    • Shotcut (Replaces Adobe Premiere Elements)
    • Nextcloud ... (self-hosting) (Replaces OneDrive, Google Drive, Dropbox)
• Email Clients - (FOSS = free and open source)
  • Mailspring - Mailspring is a FOSS email client (not an email service)
  • Thunderbird
    • Thunderbird Is My Favorite Linux Email App Again, Here's Why
  • Protonmail is an email service provider. You will get a user@protonmail.com email account with them.
• Files
  • Linux File Permissions: 13 Most Important Things to Know - HowToGeek
    • rwxrwxrwx = (owner, group, other)*(read, write, execute)
    • x=1, w=2, r=4
    • ls, stat, chmod, rm
• Introduction to Linux (LFS101) - Linux Foundation - Training - $0
• Books & References
  • See also:  TechRepublic
  • The Linux Advantage: 5 Websites You Should Head To For Learning Linux
  • Learn These 6 Linux Commands to Go From Beginner to Badass
  • Is Linux Confusing? Here Are The Key Terms You Need To Know
    • An A-Z of Linux - 40 Essential Commands You Should Know
    • Newbie’s Getting Started Guide to Linux
  • Linux Lite: 5 Tiny Distros That Pack A Big Bang -- Linux -- InformationWeek
    • Damn Small Linux - DSL information
    • KNOPPIX - Live Linux Filesystem On CD
    • Slax
    • NimbleX
    • Puppy Linux - your fast, small and free Linux distro - unstable site - You may have to try several times before reaching this site. Keep clicking this link.
  • Point & Click Linux! by Robin Miller (Paperback - November 9, 2004)
  • Linux for Dummies, Fourth Edition by Dee-Ann Leblanc, et al
  • Upgrade Your man Pager for Better Linux Help - HowToGeek
  • Comments
    • shell = terminal = bash = cli = command line interface
    • pwd = print working directory = present working directory
    • man = manual
    • help
    • q = quit
    • vi = a file editor
    • grep = search file for content
    • grep -w = search for a whole word, not part of another word
    • redirect >
    • pipe |
    • cat = type file contents to screen
  • Workshop on Linux
  • Terminal - Linux
    • How to Get a Cheatsheet for Any Command in the Linux Terminal
    • 7 Things I Wish I Knew Before Getting Into the Linux Terminal

• ---

• ChromeOS
  • Linux vs. ChromeOS: How Different Are They Really?
  • 2021 Is the Year of Linux on the Desktop | PCMag - Chromebooks
• Editors for documents on Linux
  • How Do You Edit Documents on Linux?
  • MS-Word
  • LibreOffice
  • Google Docs
  • Proton Docs
  • LaTeX by way of TeXstudio. or neovim
• Security
  • Stealthy Malware Has Infected Thousands of Linux Systems for Years | WIRED
    • Vulnerable machines = meaning those that have yet to install the patch for CVE-2023-33426 or contain a vulnerable misconfiguration.
    • Be on the lookout for unusual spikes in CPU usage or sudden system slowdowns, particularly if they occur during idle times.
    • Thousands of Linux systems infected by stealthy malware since 2021
• The Linux Directory Structure, Explained
• 6 Reasons to Ditch the Desktop and Run a Headless Server
• 5 Things You Can Do on Linux but Not on Windows
• Reasons Why I Prefer Linux Over Windows for My Desktop
• 2021 Is the Year of Linux on Desktop — Here's Why - Flipboard
• System76 - Linux Laptops, Desktops, and Servers
  • Pop!_OS A Step Forward In User Experience Pop!_OS - System76.com
  • See also:  TechRepublic
• Windows 10 (Fall 2017)
  • Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
  • Turn Windows Features On or Off in Windows 10 | Windows 10 Tutorials
  • run cmd (as Admin) > optional features  -  Turn Windows features on or off
  • Control Panel > Programs and Features > Turn Windows features on or off (link on left side)
    • This will open the C:\Windows\System32\OptionalFeatures.exe file.
  • See also:  TechRepublic
• Gemini PDA Android & Linux keyboard mobile device | Indiegogo - US$400
  • c.f. Psion
  • Planet Computers
  • Planet Computers (@planetcom2017) | XTwitter
• Everything You Need to Migrate Your Home Office to Linux
• The Best Linux Software
• 5 YouTube Videos to Help You Get Started with Linux
• The Current State Of the New Linux Desktop Environment, Plasma 5 - 2015-04-15
• 9 Questions New Linux Users Always Ask
• Linux For Dummies Cheat Sheet - dummies

• ---

• Distros (distributions) of Linux
  • Distros = there are at least 365 different Distributions of Linux
  • See also: Installation
• LPS = U.S. Dept. of Defense offers up tiny (135MB), secure Linux distribution = Lightweight Portable Security (LPS) -$0
  LPS can be used on either a PC or Mac and does not require the installation of anything and no hard drive access at all. Running it from a CD means there is absolutely no way the OS can be compromised, and even if it runs from a USB stick the chances are very small that an infection can happen, especially as it executes entirely in RAM sandbox. The number of applications included is small, but functional.
• See also:  USB ...
  • Running Linux from USB: Are You Doing It Right?
• DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD.
  • DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD. - packages
• What Is GNU/Linux? | PCMag
• See also: AskWoody
• Linux | How-To Geek
  • 7 tips for choosing your first Linux distro - HowToGeekz
  • These are the only 3 Linux distros I recommend to newcomers - Linux Mint, Fedora, CachyOS - HowToGeek
  • Why I Won’t Use a Linux Distro Without Flatpak Support - HowToGeek
    • c.f.: alternatives like Snap and Appimage - HowToGeek
• ----------------------
• AnduinOS - Open Source & Linux - AnduinOS - Ubuntu, GNOME desktop environment | ISO is very small, < 2GB | Works well in a VM
  • Documentation - AnduinOS Documentation
  • "AnduinOS is a custom Ubuntu-based Linux distribution that aims to facilitate developers transitioning from Windows to Linux by maintaining familiar operational habits and workflows."
  • A Microsoft engineer made a Linux distro that's like a comfort blanket to ex-Windows users — I finally tried it, and I'm surprised how good it is | Windows Central
• ZorinOS
• Linux Mint
• Ubuntu
• Red Hat
• Novell
• PCLinuxOS
• Fedora
• MEPIS
• openSUSE
• Mandriva (formerly Mandrake)
• Debian
• See also:  TechRepublic
• Apache Web Server
• ATI Technologies Inc.
• Cygwin (to practice using a Unix style command shell, say bash or korn, from within Windows 2000)
• Debian - $0
• freshmeat.net
• FUNET - ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/doc/
• JustLinux: Wanna learn Linux?
• Linux Mint
• Linux Mint .com
• Why I Just Can't Love Linux Mint
• How to Make the Switch From Windows to Linux | PCMag
• Linux Mint 18: The best desktop -- period | ZDNet
• All you need is:  Linux Mint + Chrome browser + Libre Office
• Linux.org
• Linux Professional Institute
• Linuxnewbie.org : Wanna learn Linux?
• news:comp.os.linux.announce
• Puppy Linux - a live-CD distro
• Red Hat
  • Red Hat
  • Red Hat - Fedora Documentation :: Fedora Docs Site
  • RHEL Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system
• Slashdot: News for nerds, stuff that matters
• Slax: The Do-It-Yourselfer's Linux
• SUSE
  • SUSE
  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop by Novell
• TechRepublic
  • TechRepublic | News, Tips, and Advice for Technology Professionals - TechRepublic
  • Why Evolve OS could win you over to Linux and me away from Ubuntu - TechRepublic
  • Linux desktop operating system: A beginner's guide - TechRepublic
  • Pop!_OS is a wonder that makes me wonder - TechRepublic
  • Windows 10 will let everyone run Linux inside Windows following Fall Creators Update - TechRepublic
  • Why Evolve OS could win you over to Linux and me away from Ubuntu - TechRepublic
• tux.org (for kernel developers)
• Ubuntu
  • 5 Reasons Ubuntu Is Not the Best Windows Replacement
  • Migrating From Windows 7 To Ubuntu: The Ultimate Guide
  • Ubuntu Linux Vs. Windows Vista: The Battle For Your Desktop -- Ubuntu Linux, Windows Vista
  • Official Ubuntu Documentation
  • Ubuntu Pro
• WinLinux 2000
• Xandros Desktop OS 3 Deluxe Edition
• ZorinOS
  • Zorin OS
  • This Linux distro is seeing record downloads as people flee Windows
    • Zorin OS is built on Ubuntu, but it mimics Windows in many ways. There are multiple Windows-like layouts to choose from, the file explorer resembles Windows Explorer, there’s right-click content menus, familiar Control Panel organization, integrated OneDrive support, and more.
    • Zorin OS 18 features heavy web-app integration, allowing you to use the new Progressive Web App installer to turn services like Office 365 or Google Docs into standalone applications.
    • Compatibility with Windows apps has also been upgraded in this release. Some applications should run right out of the box without you needing to spend time fiddling with settings.
    • In wake of Windows 10 retirement, over 780,000 Windows users skip Win 11 for Linux | Tom's Hardware
• Paid and Donation-Based Linux Distros
  • ZorinOS, Linspire, Archcraft : Premium, Ubuntu Pro, SUSE, Red Hat - (RHEL = Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system)
• KDE Welcomes Windows 10 Users to Linux, Says Microsoft Is Doing "Tech Extortion"

Alternatives to Linux

• The FreeBSD Project

• Apache Virtual Host documentation
• news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix
• news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.ms-windows
• Apache Software Foundation
• Apache Project

• ---

• NOTES:
• URL rewrite = virtual host
• Alias = CNAME = C-record
• mod_speling.c  -  To make URLs case-insensitive, since the module mod_rewrite doesn't work.

Getting rid of Linux
Dale loaded Red Hat Linux on his 100MHz Aptiva, and now he can't reinstall Windows. Every time he boots from a DOS floppy, LILO (the Linux Loader) chokes after "LI." He also pulled the battery on his CMOS to wipe all its settings out. (Urg...)
First, I'd check your BIOS settings to make sure you're looking to boot from your floppy, then your hard drive. Right now, it sounds as if your system defaulted to booting from the hard drive. Then I'd boot using the Windows/DOS disk, and FDISK and format the drive with a format/MBR. That'll clean up the master boot record.
If you can't format or FDISK the drive, it probably has a Linux partition on it that DOS can't deal with. You'll need to run a Linux tool to wipe it. The closest one at hand is probably the one on the RedHat install disk. Just exit the install after you've wiped the Linux partitions.