Domain Name Service (DNS) Topics
Domain Name System (DNS) Topics
Canada
- DNS Server
- Hosting Services Topics ...
- Disputes
- 100 Best Domain Names - Domain Name Registrar Reviews
- CanReg.com
- DNS, Managed DNS Services and Tools, Load Testing, DNS Server | UltraDNS - Thanks to James Cooley (at zeta interactive) for recommending this site.
- This site has some interesting technical information about the DNS.
- DNS Stuff: DNS tools, WHOIS, tracert, ping, and other network tools.
- DomainsAtCost.com
- Domains By Proxy
- "Keep your personal contact information private when you register a domain name. If you want to keep your personal information private and still retain full control over your domain, then a private registration is for you. Your identity is nobody's business but ours (sic)."
- "Private registrations are now managed where the domain was registered. To manage your domain privacy, please log in to your domain registrar and go to its domain management page."
- To transfer an existing domain, or purchase a new, privately registered domain, choose from any of our affiliated registrars, including GoDaddy.com or BlueRazor.com.
- GoDaddy.com: Low cost domain names, domain transfers, web hosting, email accounts and software essentials.
- Hosting Services Topics ...
- ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
- InterNIC
- Internet Society (formerly ISoc.org)
- Name Secure (SM) -- Internet Domain Name Registration Services.
- NetworkSolutions.com = Network Solutions + VeriSign 1-888-642-9675
- PlanetDomain (Primus, Australia) - low prices
- Register.com - Register a domain name, design your own Web site, get your own email address
- WhatIsMyIP.com
- WhoIs ...
- WINS = Windows Internet Naming Service
- ZoneEdit
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- References:
- DNS Tools
- CIRA Canadian Shield | Free public DNS for Canadians | CIRA
- Leaf DNS - DNS Test
- DNS Stuff: DNS tools, WHOIS, tracert, ping, and other network tools.
- Using DNS Lookup with Windows
- ping, nslookup, dig, traceroute, finger, SMTP VRFY, whois, IP block whois
- ipconfig /all, winipcfg /all
Provides: IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, MAC Address (= Physical Address), etc ...
Wntipcfg.exe (for W2K), doesn't install by default even if you install the entire Resource Kit package on your computer. Instead, you need to extract the tool manually. To do so, open a command console and change to the %systemroot%\System32 folder. Insert the Windows 2000 Resource Kit CD in your CD-ROM drive (let's assume that's drive D for this example), and execute the following command:
extract d:\netmgmt.cab wntipcfg.exe
After the file is extracted, click Start | Run and enter WNTIPCFG.EXE in the Run dialog box. Now you'll have a graphical TCP/IP configuration tool that looks and works just like its Windows 9x/Me counterpart.
- NS-Batch
- IPCONFIG
- Renewing a Computer's IP Address - Windows
- Start (button)
- Right-click on Command Prompt
- ipconfig/release
- Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center > Manage Network Connections
- Right-click on Local Area Connections
- Status
- Details (button)
- Make sure the Autoconfiguration IPv4 is within the 169.xxx.xxx.xxx IP segment
- ipconfig/renew
- OpenDNS | Cloud Delivered Enterprise Security by OpenDNS
- Network Tools
- TCP/IP Troubleshooting
- Physical layer
- Data layer
- Tools for layers 1&2
- arp -a (To check communication among devices)
- netstat -e (To check Ethernet activity)
- a Protocol Analyzer program
- a "request to cd??" for your router ?? (To check whether the router is working. To check input/output rates.)
- Network layer
- Tools for layer 3
- ipconfig (To check whether the correct IP address is set up.)
- ipconfig /all
- ping 192.168.1.200 (To test activity. Not for testing times.)
- tracert 192.168.1.200 (To test whether the routing is working. To test round-trip times.)
- pathping 192.168.1.200 (To test whether the routing is working. To test round-trip times.)
- icmp ?? (not in Windows?)
- Transport layer
- Tools for layer 4
- telnet server1.gk.com 25 (To test ports on a server.)
25=e-mail, 23=telnet, 80=http, 21=ftp, 110=pop3
- Port scan (Windows program) (To test TCP and UDP ports)
- Session layer
- Presentation layer (for encryption & character translation)
- Application layer
- Tools for layers 5&6&7
- netstat -a (To check open sockets.)
- netstat -s (To check open sockets.)
- nslookup /dig (To verify IP addresses.)
- Protocol Analyzers
Top Level Domains (TLD)
- ICANN - Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
- IANA - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
- White House Green Paper
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- Operated on commercial principles:
- .COM - commercial organizations
- .NET - networks
- .ORG - non-commercial organizations
- Restrictive conditions on who can register:
- .EDU - four-year degree granting institutions in North America
- .INT - organizations that were established by international treaty
- .MIL - USA military
- .GOV - USA federal government
- Two-letter country code top level domains (ccTLDs)
- A special domain:
- .ARPA - which currently contains some Internet infrastructure databases
- New TLD (2001-2002)
- .AERO - air-transport industry
- .BIZ - a special designation for businesses
- .COOP - non-profit cooperatives
- .INFO - an unrestricted use TLD acting as an alternative to dot.com.
- .MUSEUM - domain for accredited museums worldwide.
- .NAME - registration for individuals. (e.g. john.doe.name)
- .PRO - professionals such as physicians and lawyers.
- http://us.mcafee.com/en-us/local/docs/Mapping_Mal_Web.pdf - PDF 5MB
IP Addresses
- IP address - Wikipedia
- IPv4
- This is the current addressing standard. 32-bit address
- 4 bytes = 32 bits = 232 = 28.28.28.28 (decimal) = 256.256.256.256 (decimal) = byte.byte.byte.byte= 11111111.1111111.11111111.11111111 (binary)
- This could allow up to 4,294,967,296 IP addresses (2564 = 256*256*256*256 = 4 billion addresses), but this is clearly not enough addresses.
- Dot-decimal notation - Wikipedia
- Range of addresses: from 0.0.0.0 to 256.256.256.256 (decimal)
- Range of addresses: from 0.0.0.0 to FF.FF.FF.FF (hexadecimal)
- IPv6
- This is the new addressing standard. 128-bit address
- 16 bytes = 128 bits = 2128 = 28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28.28 (decimal)
- This could allow up to 25616 (= 256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256*256) IP addresses.
- 4,294,967,296 * 4,294,967,296 * 4,294,967,296 * 4,294,967,296 = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,770,000,000 addresses
- Hexadecimal - Wikipedia
- Range of addresses: from 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 to 2562:2562:2562:2562:2562:2562:2562:2562 (decimal)
- Range of addresses: from 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 to FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF (hexadecimal)
- FFFF (hex) = 65535 (decimal)
- Any IPv6 address can be written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits, where each group is separated by a colon (:). This, for example, is a valid IPv6 address: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334; this can be abbreviated as 2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334.
- Test your IPv6.
- IPv6: The smart person's guide - TechRepublic
- IPv4 Addresses Have Run Out: Here's How It Affects You - MakeuUseOf
- Breaking down an IPv6 address: What it all means - TechRepublic - 2013-09-03
- World IPv6 Launch day was June 6, 2012
- IP Version 6 Working Group (ipv6)
- Microsoft Research IPv6 Implementation (MSRIPv6)
- ipv6 - TechUpdate - ZDNet
- IPv6: The Promise, The Problems, The Protocol
- IPv6 isn't backward compatible with IPv4. Transition will require encapsulation, tunneling or duel-stack routing where both protocols run simultaneously for awhile. Microsoft Vista will be duel-stack.
- The IPv4 Internet has room for 4.3 billion addresses. About one-third are already in use, and more than another third are spoken for. IPv6 provides 2^128 possible addresses. Compared with IPv4's 32bits, IPv6's address reads 128 bits long. Imagine the number looking something like this – 360,382,386,120,984,643,363,377,707,131,268,210,929.
By 2012 about 17 billion devices will connect to the Internet, estimates Research firm IDC Corp. Frost & Sullivan's principal analyst for carrier infrastructure Sam Masud agrees. "2012, that's when we estimate the world will be out of IPv4 addresses," he said.
- CDN - IPv6: D-Day coming for ISPs - 2010-05-14
- IPv6 is a next-generation Internet layer protocol that was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to solve the problem of IP address depletion under the current Internet layer protocol, IPv4. While IPv4 has a fixed limit of around 4 billion IP addresses, IPv6 will have exponentially more, on the magnitude of around 340 billion billion billion billion (3.4×1038).
The trouble that IPv6 advocates and ISPs have run into so far, however, is that many of the ISPs' enterprise customers don't see the logic in investing time and money in IPv6 deployment during a recession where they have far more pressing and immediate needs.
Additionally, Curran said that merely switching to IPv6 isn't going to be a clean transition since IPv6 is not backward compatible with IPv4. Therefore, ISPs will have to support both protocols for the foreseeable future, as IPv6 addresses typically connect to each other over IPv4 networks through encapsulating IPv6 data in IPv4 packets and then "tunneling" through the older network. In other words, there's no simply way to flip a switch and have every network upgrade to IPv6 without keeping IPv4 around.
"There's going to have to be two networks, there's no clean way for us to solve that problem," he said. "For potentially decades we'll have to run IPv4 parallel to IPv6."
- Deploy360 Programme | Providing real-world deployment info for IPv6, DNSSEC and more…
- TCP/IP ...
- Subnets
- The ABCs of IP Addresses | PCMag
- IP Chicken - What is my IP address? Free public IP lookup.
- What Is My IP? - Shows your real public IP address - IPv4 - IPv6
- What Is My IP Address - See Your Public Address - IPv4 & IPv6
- DNS leak test
- IP Address Lookup | Geolocation
- DoH - A cartoon intro to DNS over HTTPS - Mozilla Hacks - the Web developer blog